Xanax is a commonly prescribed medication used to treat anxiety and panic disorders. It belongs to a class of drugs called benzodiazepines, which work by slowing down the central nervous system to promote relaxation. While Xanax can help manage these conditions, it is important to be aware of both the short-term and long-term effects of its use.
What is Xanax?
Xanax is the brand name for the generic drug alprazolam. It is typically prescribed in tablet form and comes in various strengths, ranging from 0.25mg to 2mg. Xanax is a fast-acting medication, with its effects being felt within an hour of ingestion. As a prescription medication, it is important to only take Xanax under the guidance and supervision of a healthcare professional.
Alprazolam, the active ingredient in Xanax, belongs to a class of drugs known as benzodiazepines. These medications work by enhancing the effects of a neurotransmitter in the brain called gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which helps to calm the central nervous system. This calming effect can be beneficial for individuals suffering from anxiety disorders, panic attacks, or insomnia.
It is crucial to follow the prescribed dosage and not exceed the recommended amount of Xanax, as misuse or overuse can lead to dependence, tolerance, and withdrawal symptoms. Abruptly stopping Xanax can result in rebound anxiety, seizures, and other serious side effects. Always consult with your healthcare provider if you have any concerns about taking Xanax or if you experience any adverse reactions while using this medication.
How Does Xanax Work?
When ingested, Xanax rapidly crosses the blood-brain barrier and binds to specific receptors in the brain. These receptors are part of the GABA-A receptor complex, which is the primary target for benzodiazepines. By binding to these receptors, Xanax enhances the inhibitory effects of GABA, ultimately leading to a decrease in neuronal excitability.
The modulation of GABA receptors by Xanax results in a cascade of effects throughout the brain. Areas of the brain involved in the regulation of emotions, such as the amygdala and prefrontal cortex, experience a dampening of activity. This dampening effect is what contributes to the anxiety-reducing and sedative properties of Xanax. Additionally, Xanax can also impact other neurotransmitter systems, such as dopamine and serotonin, albeit to a lesser extent compared to its effects on the GABA system. The interplay of these neurotransmitter systems underlies the complex pharmacological actions of Xanax on the brain.
What are the Effects of Xanax?
When taken as directed, Xanax can produce several therapeutic effects, including:
- Reduced anxiety and panic attacks: Xanax helps to calm the mind and alleviate feelings of worry and tension.
- Improved sleep: Many individuals with anxiety disorders struggle with insomnia, and Xanax can aid in achieving restful sleep.
- Muscle relaxation: Xanax has muscle relaxant properties and can help relieve muscle tension caused by anxiety.
- A general feeling of relaxation and well-being.
While these effects can be beneficial, it is important to note that Xanax is not a long-term solution for managing anxiety. It is typically prescribed for short-term use due to the potential for dependence and the risk of developing tolerance.
Xanax (as we’ve mentioned before) belongs to a class of medications called benzodiazepines. These drugs work by enhancing the effects of a neurotransmitter in the brain called gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which helps to inhibit brain activity, leading to a calming effect. This mechanism of action is what contributes to Xanax’s sedative and muscle relaxant properties.
It is crucial for individuals prescribed Xanax to follow their healthcare provider’s instructions carefully and not exceed the recommended dosage. Abruptly stopping Xanax can lead to withdrawal symptoms, including rebound anxiety, insomnia, tremors, and seizures. Gradual tapering under medical supervision is typically recommended to discontinue the prescription medication and minimize withdrawal effects safely.
How Does Xanax Make You Feel?
When taken, Xanax produces a feeling of calmness and relaxation. It can reduce anxiety symptoms such as racing thoughts, heart palpitations, and restlessness. Some individuals may also experience a sense of drowsiness or sedation.
However, it is important to remember that the effects of Xanax can vary from person to person. Factors such as dosage, individual tolerance, and metabolism can all influence how Xanax affects an individual.
It’s important to note that while Xanax can provide relief from symptoms of anxiety and panic disorders, it has the potential for misuse. Some individuals may experience euphoria, numbness, and a sense of detachment from reality, especially if taken in higher doses than prescribed. This can lead individuals to misuse Xanax, seeking these effects, which increases the risk of addiction and overdose.
Xanax should only be used as prescribed by a healthcare provider, as misuse or overuse of this medication can lead to dependence, tolerance, and potentially dangerous withdrawal symptoms. If you have any concerns about how Xanax is making you feel or if you experience any adverse effects, it’s important to seek guidance from a medical professional.
What are the Long-Term Effects of Xanax Use?
Using Xanax for an extended period can result in various long-term effects. These effects may include:
Extended use of Xanax can lead to physical dependence and addiction, as the body becomes accustomed to its presence and requires it to function normally.
Long-term Xanax use may result in difficulties with memory, attention, and decision-making processes.
Individuals may experience a reduced ability to feel emotions, leading to apathy or disinterest in life activities.
Discontinuing Xanax after long-term use can cause severe withdrawal symptoms, including anxiety, insomnia, seizures, and even psychosis.
Over time, users may require higher doses of Xanax to achieve the same anxiolytic effect, increasing the risk of overdose.
Some studies suggest a link between prolonged benzodiazepine use and an increased risk of dementia and other forms of cognitive decline.
Long-term use can also lead to physical health problems such as gastrointestinal issues, chronic headaches, and muscle weakness.
Prolonged Xanax use is associated with an increased risk of developing mood disorders, including depression.
Long-term Xanax use has been associated with cognitive impairments, affecting memory, attention, and concentration. This can impact daily functioning and overall quality of life for individuals who rely on Xanax for an extended period. Additionally, chronic use of Xanax has been linked to an increased risk of accidents and falls, especially in older adults, due to its sedative effects.
It is important to note that prolonged Xanax use can also have detrimental effects on social relationships and occupational performance. The sedating properties of Xanax can lead to decreased motivation, productivity, and engagement in social activities, ultimately affecting one’s ability to maintain healthy connections and excel in their professional endeavors.
What are the Short-Term Effects of Xanax Use?
The short-term effects of Xanax use are typically immediate and may include:
Xanax can cause drowsiness and impair coordination and judgment.
Users may find they are light-headed while using the medication making it hard to focus.
Some individuals may experience confusion and/or difficulty concentrating.
Speaking may be difficult, especially speaking clearly with direct focus.
Xanax may make it more difficult to lift or move heavier objects.
Memory impairment is a common side effect.
Users may notice it’s difficult to maintain balance.
Xanax can delay reaction time, making it unsafe to drive or operate heavy machinery.
Furthermore, Xanax is a benzodiazepine medication that works by enhancing the effects of a neurotransmitter called gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain. This increased GABA activity results in a calming effect on the central nervous system, which can help alleviate symptoms of anxiety and panic disorders. However, the sedative properties of Xanax can also lead to feelings of drowsiness and fatigue, affecting an individual’s ability to focus and perform daily tasks with full alertness.
Additional Less Common Short-Term Effects
In addition to the immediate effects mentioned above, Xanax may also cause side effects such as blurred vision, headaches, and dizziness. These side effects can further impact an individual’s cognitive and physical abilities, potentially leading to difficulties in maintaining balance and coordination. It is important for individuals prescribed Xanax to be aware of these potential short-term effects and to avoid engaging in activities that require mental acuity and physical coordination while under the influence of this medication.
What Happens When You Mix Xanax with Other Substances?
Mixing Xanax with other substances, such as alcohol or opioids, can be extremely dangerous.
Combining Xanax with these substances can increase the risk of respiratory depression, overdose, and even death. Additionally, mixing Xanax with other central nervous system depressants can lead to enhanced sedation and impairment, making it even more hazardous.
It is crucial to understand the potential consequences of combining Xanax with various substances. Alcohol, for example, is also a central nervous system depressant. When Xanax is mixed with alcohol, the effects of both substances are intensified, leading to severe drowsiness, confusion, and impaired coordination. This dangerous combination can result in accidents, falls, and other harmful outcomes.
Opioids are another class of drugs that should never be mixed with Xanax. Both opioids and Xanax can cause respiratory depression on their own. When taken together, the risk of breathing difficulties significantly increases, potentially leading to respiratory failure and death. The combination of these substances can also result in profound sedation, coma, and a higher likelihood of overdose.
Westwind Recovery® Offers Xanax Addiction Treatment Options
If you or someone you know is struggling with Xanax addiction, seeking professional help is essential. Westwind Recovery® offers comprehensive addiction treatment options, including therapy and support programs. Their experienced team can provide personalized care to help individuals overcome Xanax addiction and achieve lasting recovery.
While Xanax can be beneficial in managing anxiety and panic disorders, it is crucial to be aware of its potential short-term and long-term effects. Understanding the risks associated with Xanax use can help individuals make informed decisions about their mental health treatment options and seek appropriate support if needed.
Dr. Deena is the Chief Clinical Officer of Westwind Recovery®, an award-winning outpatient treatment center in Los Angeles where she oversees the clinical and administrative program and treatment methods. Dr. Deena is a doctor of psychology and licensed clinical social worker since 1993. LCSW #20628. Originally from the East Coast, Dr. Deena has worked running treatment centers, worked as a therapist in psychiatric hospitals as well as school settings and currently has a thriving private practice in the LA area. Dr. Deena has appeared regularly on the Dr. Phil Show as an expert since 2003. She has also been featured on many other TV shows, podcasts and has contributed to written publications as well as podcasts.
